Thread Standards: The thread abbreviation includes the thread code letter and the nominal thread diameter or the thread size. Additional values for pitch or TPI, tolerance, multi-lead, taper and left-handedness are added. Often threads that are according to DIN Standard have the major DIN number put in front of the thread abbreviation. M6 or M8 screws are used to attach the mount to the display. Heavier TVs with screens greater than 31' in size often follow this variant. In practice, some displays in this class deviate from the standard in minor ways. For example, a 300 x 300 mm hole pattern is not uncommon. This is why Ergotron VESA mounts for MIS-F displays are designed to.
The ISO metric screw threads are the most commonly used type of general-purpose screw thread worldwide.[1] They were one of the first international standards agreed when the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) was set up in 1947.[citation needed]
The 'M' designation for metric screws indicates the nominal outer diameter of the screw, in millimetres (e.g., an M6 screw has a nominal outer diameter of 6 millimetres).
- 5Standards
- 7References
Basic profile[edit]
Basic profile of all ISO metric screw threads
The design principles of ISO general-purpose metric screw threads ('M' series threads) are defined in international standard ISO 68-1.[2] Each thread is characterized by its major diameter, D (Dmaj in the diagram), and its pitch, P. ISO metric threads consist of a symmetric V-shaped thread. In the plane of the thread axis, the flanks of the V have an angle of 60° to each other. The thread depth is 0.614 × pitch. The outermost 1⁄8 and the innermost 1⁄4 of the height H of the V-shape are cut off from the profile.
The relationship between the height H and the pitch P is found using the following equation where is half the included angle of the thread, in this case 30 degrees:[3]
or
In an external (male) thread (e.g., on a bolt), the major diameter Dmaj and the minor diameter Dmin define maximum dimensions of the thread. This means that the external thread must end flat at Dmaj, but can be rounded out below the minor diameter Dmin. Conversely, in an internal (female) thread (e.g., in a nut), the major and minor diameters are minimum dimensions; therefore the thread profile must end flat at Dmin but may be rounded out beyond Dmaj.
The minor diameter Dmin and effective pitch diameter Dp are derived from the major diameter and pitch as
Designation[edit]
A metric ISO screw thread is designated by the letter M followed by the value of the nominal diameter D (the maximum thread diameter for external thread and the minimum diameter for internal one) and the pitch P, both expressed in millimetres and separated by the hyphen sign, - (e.g., M8-1.25). If the pitch is the normally used 'coarse' pitch listed in ISO 261 or ISO 262, it can be omitted (e.g., M8). The length of a machine screw or bolt is indicated by a following x and the length expressed in millimetres (e.g., M8-1.25x30 or M8x30). Tolerance classes defined in ISO 965-1 can be appended to these designations, if required (e.g., M500– 6g in external threads).
External threads are designated by lowercase letter, g or h. Internal threads are designated by upper case letters, G or H.
Preferred sizes[edit]
ISO 261 specifies a detailed list of preferred combinations of outer diameter D and pitch P for ISO metric screw threads. The 1st choice column follows (approximately) the R10 series from ISO 3, while the 2nd choice column are rounded off values from the R20 series from ISO 3.[4]
ISO 262 specifies a shorter list of thread dimensions – a subset of ISO 261.[5]
Nominal diameter D (mm) | Pitch P (mm) | Nominal diameter D (mm) | Pitch P (mm) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st choice | 2nd choice | Coarse | Fine | 1st choice | 2nd choice | Coarse | Fine |
1 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 16 | 2 | 1.5 | ||
1.2 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 18 | 2.5 | 2 or 1.5 | ||
1.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 20 | 2.5 | 2 or 1.5 | ||
1.6 | 0.35 | 0.2 | 22 | 2.5 | 2 or 1.5 | ||
1.8 | 0.35 | 0.2 | 24 | 3 | 2 | ||
2 | 0.4 | 0.25 | 27 | 3 | 2 | ||
2.5 | 0.45 | 0.35 | 30 | 3.5 | 2 | ||
3 | 0.5 | 0.35 | 33 | 3.5 | 2 | ||
3.5 | 0.6 | 0.35 | 36 | 4 | 3 | ||
4 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 39 | 4 | 3 | ||
5 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 42 | 4.5 | 3 | ||
6 | 1 | 0.75 | 45 | 4.5 | 3 | ||
7 | 1 | 0.75 | 48 | 5 | 3 | ||
8 | 1.25 | 1 or 0.75 | 52 | 5 | 4 | ||
10 | 1.5 | 1.25 or 1 | 56 | 5.5 | 4 | ||
12 | 1.75 | 1.5 or 1.25 | 60 | 5.5 | 4 | ||
14 | 2 | 1.5 | 64 | 6 | 4 |
The “coarse” pitch is the commonly used default pitch for a given diameter. In addition, one or two smaller “fine” pitches are defined, for use in applications where the height of the normal “coarse” pitch would be unsuitable (e.g., threads in thin-walled pipes). The terms “coarse” and “fine” have (in this context) no relation to the manufacturing quality of the thread.
In addition to coarse and fine threads, there is another division of extra fine, or “superfine” threads, with a very fine pitch thread. Superfine pitch metric threads are occasionally used in automotive components, such as suspension struts, and are commonly used in the aviation manufacturing industry. This is because extra fine threads are more resistant to coming loose from vibrations.[6]
Spanner (wrench) sizes[edit]
Below are some common spanner (wrench) sizes for metric screw threads. Hex head widths (width across flats, spanner size) are for DIN 934 hex nuts and hex head bolts. Other (usually smaller) sizes may occur for reasons of weight and cost reduction.
Spanner (wrench) size (mm) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thread | Hex nut & bolt | Socket head cap screw | • Button head cap screw • Flat head counter- sunk cap screw | Set screw (Grub screw) | |
ISO | DIN | ||||
M1 | - | 2.5 | - | - | - |
M1.2 | - | 3 | - | - | - |
M1.4 | - | 3 | 1.25 | - | 0.7 |
M1.6 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.7 |
M2 | 4 | 4 | 1.5 | 1.25 | 0.9 |
M2.5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
M3 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 2.5 | 2 | 1.5 |
M3.5 | 6 | 6 | - | - | - |
M4 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 2.5 | 2 |
M5 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 2.5 |
M6 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 4 | 3 |
M7 | 11 | 11 | - | - | - |
M8 | 13 | 13 | 6 | 5 | 4 |
M10 | 16 | 17 | 8 | 6 | 5 |
M12 | 18 | 19 | 10 | 8 | 6 |
M14 | 21 | 22 | 10 | - | - |
M16 | 24 | 24 | 14 | 10 | 8 |
M18 | 27 | 27 | 14 | 12 | - |
M20 | 30 | 30 | 17 | 12 | 10 |
M22 | 34 | 32 | 17 | 14 | - |
M24 | 36 | 36 | 19 | 14 | 12 |
M27 | 41 | 41 | 19 | 17 | 14 |
M30 | 46 | 46 | 22 | 17 | 14 |
M33 | 50 | 50 | 24 | - | - |
M36 | 55 | 55 | 27 | - | - |
M39 | 60 | 60 | - | - | - |
M42 | 65 | 65 | 32 | - | - |
M45 | 70 | 70 | - | - | - |
M48 | 75 | 75 | 36 | - | - |
M52 | 80 | 80 | 36 | - | - |
M56 | 85 | 85 | 41 | - | - |
M60 | 90 | 90 | - | - | - |
M64 | 95 | 95 | 46 | - | - |
Standards[edit]
International[edit]
- ISO 68-1: ISO general purpose screw threads — Basic profile — Metric screw threads.
- ISO 261: ISO general purpose metric screw threads — General plan.
- ISO 262: ISO general purpose metric screw threads — Selected sizes for screws, bolts and nuts.
- ISO 965: ISO general purpose metric screw threads — Tolerances[7]
- ISO 965-1: Principles and basic data
- ISO 965-2: Limits of sizes for general purpose external and internal screw threads.
- ISO 965-3: Deviations for constructional screw threads
- ISO 965-4: Limits of sizes for hot-dip galvanized external screw threads to mate with internal screw threads tapped with tolerance position H or G after galvanizing
- ISO 965-5: Limits of sizes for internal screw threads to mate with hot-dip galvanized external screw threads with maximum size of tolerance position h before galvanizing
![Dimensions Dimensions](/uploads/1/2/5/7/125754048/141555280.png)
National[edit]
- BS 3643: ISO metric screw threads
- ANSI/ASME B1.13M: Metric Screw Threads: M Profile
- ANSI/ASME B4.2-1978 (R2009): Preferred Metric Limits and Fits
- DIN 13-1
See also[edit]
- British Association screw threads (BA)
- British Standard Cycle (BSC)
- British standard fine thread (BSF)
- British standard pipe thread (BSP)
- British Standard Whitworth (BSW) – a British thread standard with 55° profile.
- National pipe thread (NPT)
- Unified Thread Standard (UTS, UNC, UNF, UNEF and UNS) – a US/Canadian/British thread standard that uses the same 60° profile as metric threads, but an inch-based set of diameter/pitch combinations.
References[edit]
- ^ISO/TC/ 1 Business Plan, 2007-03-05, Version 1.3. Table 3: The market share of each screw thread, p. 7.
- ^ISO 68-1:1998 ISO general purpose screw threads – Basic profile – Part 1: Metric screw threads. International Organization for Standardization.
- ^Oberg et al. 2000, p. 1706
- ^ISO 261:1998 ISO general purpose metric screw threads – General plan. International Organization for Standardization. 17 Dec 1998.
- ^ISO 262:1998 ISO general purpose metric screw threads – Selected sizes for screws, bolts and nuts. International Organization for Standardization. 17 Dec 1998.
- ^'Final report'(PDF). ntrs.nasa.gov.
- ^[1] ISO 965 in the Catalogue on the Official ISO website
Bibliography[edit]
- Oberg, Erik; Jones, Franklin D.; Horton, Holbrook L.; Ryffel, Henry H. (2000), Machinery's Handbook (26th ed.), New York: Industrial Press Inc., ISBN0-8311-2635-3.
External links[edit]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ISO_metric_screw_thread&oldid=906573273'
[...] MGSt+ MGR ) kann fürmetrische Gewindenach DIN 13 bei [...] Beachtung des Steigungswinkels, der Gewindegeometrie [...]und der Gewindereibung berechnet werden und ergibt sich zu | [...] be calculated for metric threads according to DIN [...] 13 under consideration of the pitch angle, [...]klueber.com |
Die spezielle Kopfform des Nagels ermöglicht ein Einschlagen in den [...] Dübel, ohne dasmetrische Gewindezu beschädigen. | The special design of the screwnail head allows to hit the screw into [...] the plug without damaging the metric thread. |
Preisstufe fürmetrische Gewindesiehe Preisliste [...] V0 (selbstlöschend) halogenfrei UV-stabilisiert vollschutzisoliert >7Nm max. 0.7 | Price class for metric inlets see price list [...] V0 (self-extinguishing) halogen-free insensitive to UV completely insulated >7Nm max. 0.7 |
[...] Messeinsätze fürmetrische Gewinde www2.mitutoyo.de | Interchangeable inserts for metric thread |
Preisstufe fürmetrische Gewindesiehe Preisliste | Price class for metric inlets see price list |
für Whitworth-Rohrgewinde undmetrische Gewinde-Werkstoff PVC | for Whitworth thread and metric thread - Material PVC |
[...] aus der Dachhaut nur dasmetrische Gewindeund nach Möglichkeit ein [...] Stück des glatten Schaftes als Dichtungssitz herausragt. | [...] that only the metric thread stands out of the roof cladding, and if possible [...] a bit of the even [...]centrosolar.de |
fürmetrische Gewinde-Werkstoff PA | for metric thread - Material PA |
Preisstufe fürmetrische Gewindesiehe Preisliste | Price class for steel conduit thread see price list |
[...] 58-teilig · Praktischer Wandhalter·Metrische Gewinde optimum-maschinen.de | OPTIMUM clamping tool kit SPW 58 pcs · Handy wall unit |
Durch dasmetrische Gewindekann die eingesetzte [...] fischerduebel.de | The metric thread allows the screw used to [...] be unscrewed and screwed back in again as often as desired. |
Durch dasmetrische Gewindekann ein Höhenausgleich [...] solarworld.de | The metric thread can be used to even out [...] solarworld.de |
Die verfügbaren Durchmesser von 15,2 mm bis 100 mm Durchmesser sind abgestimmt auf [...] gängige Gewindemaße fürmetrische Gewindeund Panzerrohrgewinde. | The diameters reaching from 15.2 mms to 100 mms have been adjusted to [...] the standard thread dimensions for metric and steel jacket threads. |
Preisstufe fürmetrische Gewinde:Gr. 0 | Price class for steel conduit thread: size 0 |
Spiralgenutete Gewindebohrer (15°) für Grundlöcher in kurzspanigen abrasiven [...] Materialien, fürmetrische Gewinde(T105/ T106) | Spiral flute taps with 15° spiral for blind holes in short chipping abrasive [...] materials, in Metric Thread Form (T105/T106) |
[...] für Gewinde gemäß ISO-Standard im [...] Bereich von M1 bis M24 fürmetrische Gewindeund im Bereich 0-80 - 1' UNC/UNF [...]imudies.it | All data referred to apply to ISO standard threads within the M1 - [...] M24 range for metric threads and 0-80 - 1' UNC/UNF range for inch threads. |
Metrische Gewinde:20 Steigungen von 0,25 bis 4,5mm * Zöllige Gewinde: 35 [...] Steigungen von 128 bis 5 Gänge per Zoll * Modulgewinde: [...]klippfeld.at | metric threads: 20 coarses from 0.25 to 4.5mm, inch threads: 35 coarses from [...] 128 to 5 Gänge per inch, module threads: 18 coarses from module 0.2 to 2 |
m, gelb chromatiert, fürmetrische Gewindeund weiß für UNC. | [...] chromatized for metric and white for UNC threads). lisega.de |
[...] SPW 58-teilig·Metrische Gewinde·Praktischer Wandhalter [...] · 24 Stück Anzugsbolzen | [...] kit SPW 58 pcs · Metric threads · Handy wall unit stuermer-machines.com |
[...] Ebene stehende,metrische Gewindedes EJOT - Solarbefestigers [...] ist mit allen marktüblichen Schienensystemen [...]kompatibel und bietet neben der guten Hinterlüftung der Module die Möglichkeit Höhentoleranzen auszugleichen. | The metric thread of the EJOT Solar Fastening, [...] which stays above the water-bearing level, is compatible with all common [...]rail fastenings and offers the possibility to compensate differences in height in addition to the good rear ventilation. |
Metrische Gewinde,MJ-Gewindeoder Zollgewinde [...] johann-maier.de | Metric threads, MJ-threads or threads measured [...] johann-maier.de |
Wenn die aktuelle Einstellung in Millimeter ist, können [...] Sie Gewindeformen nach ISO(Metrische Gewinde)auswählen. | [...] you can select threads according to ISO (metric threads). varicad.com |
[...] Rundsteckverbinder mit Schraubanschluss Gewinde für Kabeleinführungen Standard:metrische Gewinde auma-actuators.com | Standard: AUMA plug/socket connector with screw type connection Threads for cable glands auma-actuators.com |
Metrische Gewindeder Kabelverschraubungen | Metric threads of cable screw fittings |
DY57456Fmetrische Gewindemit Vorprägungen für | Flange for metrical fittings DY 57456 F with knockouts for |
Dasmetrische Gewindeist leicht an seinem [...] zylindrischen Außen- bzw. Innendurchmesser und den auf den Millimeter genauen Außendurchmesser zu erkennen. | This metric thread is recognizable very [...] easily by its cylindrical outer and inner diameter and its precise outer diameter in millimeters. |
Gewinderollen, auch nach der Wärmbehandlung bis zur [...] Qualität 12.9(metrische Gewinde,UN, UNC, UNF, [...] [...]was eine Kaltverfestigung der Oberfläche, eine Reduzierung von Flächenrauhigkeit und infolgedessen eine Verkleinerung des Reibungskoeffizienten bedeutet. | [...] treating of 12.9 (metric threads, UN, UNC, UNF, Withworth, [...] or according to the client's [...]drawings). By rolling we achieve an improvement of mechanical properties due to the course of force lines with regard to the thread form, a cold solidification of the surface, a decrease of surface roughness and the resulting decrease of the friction coefficient. |
[...] Schlauchanschlussmöglichkeiten(metrischeM8-Gewinde). carlroth.ch | [...] tube connections (metric M8-thread). carlroth.ch |
[...] Original und verwendenmetrischeM8Gewindefür die Taschenstützen. shop.vn-teile.de | [...] struts and use metric M8 threads for the bag support loops. shop.vn-teile.de |